Key Takeaways:

  • Safe wheelchair transfers protect both the person being helped and the caregiver.
  • Knowing the right techniques (and when to use them) can help prevent injuries.
  • Good communication and preparation will make transfers smoother and more comfortable.

Wheelchair transfers are a part of everyday life for many people, but they can be challenging without the proper approach. Whether you’re a caregiver, family member, or someone who uses a wheelchair, here’s everything you need to know, from different transfer techniques to tips on staying safe.

What Is a Wheelchair Transfer?

A wheelchair transfer is the process of helping someone move from one surface to another while using a wheelchair. The main goal is to keep the person safe while also protecting the caregiver from injury.

For many wheelchair users, transfers are a regular part of daily life, but they can also be challenging, especially for those with limited strength or coordination.

How to Position a Wheelchair for a Transfer

Before starting any transfer, it’s important to set up the wheelchair properly. Place the chair as close as possible to the surface the person is moving from or to, which will keep the transfer distance short and lower the risk of falls. Always lock the brakes to keep the wheelchair steady, then move the footrests out of the way to clear the path.

If you can, angle the chair slightly toward the surface to make pivoting easier. Finally, take a moment to explain the process to the individual so they know what to expect and feel comfortable before the transfer begins.

Most Common Types of Wheelchair Transfer Techniques

There are several ways to safely move from one surface to another, and which one you choose will largely depend on a person’s strength, mobility, and the level of assistance needed. Some of the most common wheelchair transfer techniques include:

Stand-Pivot Transfer

This transfer is best for people who can bear weight on their legs but may still need help standing. The caregiver supports the person as they rise to a standing position, then guides them to pivot and sit in the wheelchair. This method works well for shorter distances and offers more control during the move.

Squat-Pivot Transfer

This technique is designed for those who can put some weight on their legs but cannot fully stand. The person scoots to the edge of the surface, stays in a partial squat, and pivots into the chair with help from the caregiver. This transfer is considered less tiring than a full-stand pivot and is typically gentle on the joints.

Sliding Board Transfers

A sliding board is placed between two surfaces to create a smooth bridge. The person uses their arms (and sometimes a gentle push from the caregiver) to slide across. This is ideal for those who can’t bear weight on their legs but have enough upper body strength to assist in the move. A board is especially helpful for longer distances between surfaces. 

Lateral Scoot Transfers

The person moves sideways, scooting from one surface to another without standing. This method is often used for short transfers, like between two wheelchairs or from a wheelchair to a bench, and works for people with limited leg strength but enough upper body mobility to shift their weight. 

Mechanical Lift Transfers

For people with significant mobility challenges, mechanical lifts offer a safe and practical way to move from one place to another. They work by using a sling to gently lift and transfer the person to where they need to go.

Step-By-Step Transfer Methods

How to Safely Transfer from Bed to Wheelchair

Start by placing the wheelchair close to the bed and locking the brakes. Help the individual sit up on the edge of the bed and make sure they’re steady before moving forward. If needed, use a gait belt for extra support. From there, guide them to stand, pivot toward the wheelchair, and sit down securely before letting go.

How to Use a Transfer Board

To use a transfer board, place it between the bed or chair and the wheelchair. Help the person move onto the board and make sure they’re stable. Then, assist them as they slide across into the wheelchair, while supporting them by the waist or with a gait belt if necessary.

Making a Transfer Without a Board

When transferring without a board, position the wheelchair close to the surface and lock the brakes. Assist the individual in lifting themselves slightly and swinging their legs into the wheelchair. As mentioned above, this method works best for people with decent upper-body strength.

Transferring from the Floor

If someone needs to move from the floor into their wheelchair, start by helping them get onto their hands and knees if they’re able. Then, guide them up to a standing position with your support or a gait belt before assisting them into the chair.

Transfers In and Out of Cars

For car transfers, place the wheelchair as close as possible to the car door and lock the brakes. Assist the individual as they pivot into the car seat while also making sure they’re comfortable and secure. If extra support is needed, a gait belt can make the process safer and easier.

Have Questions? Contact Our California Mobility Experts

Whether you have questions about wheelchair transfers or need help finding the right mobility solutions, our certified assistive technology professionals are here for you! The Freedom Mobility team is committed to giving you the support and resources needed to move and live more independently.

Call 800-980-5696 or contact us today to get started!